When I tried to tell dad about it, he beat me. John Paul Vann was a charismatic lieutenant colonel in the Army who served as a senior adviser to South Vietnamese troops in the early 1960s, retired from the Army in frustration, then came back . Hamlett tried to get General Maxwell Taylor, the JCS chairman, to allow Vann to brief them, but Taylor refused. By the time of his death in Vietnam in June 1972, Lt. Col. John Paul Vann had taken on the highest military authorities in Washington and had earned the respect and trust of a small group of newsmen. Vann landed under heavy fire at Tan Canh with his helicopter and began evacuating civilians and the wounded. As Sheehan noted: John Vann was not meant to flee to a ship at sea, and he did not miss his exit. Vann had retired from the Army by then. It won the National Book Award, the Pulitzer, a special achievement award from the Vietnam Veterans of America, and in 1989, the Robert F. Kennedy Center for Justice and Human Rights Book Award. It took Sheehan 16 years--longer than the war itself--and 385 interviews to unravel this complicated character and the war he took part in. A Sept. 4 article in the Boston Globe magazine has Sheehan admitting you get trapped in something like this, and Susan Sheehan calling the toll on the family horrible.. For more great articles be sure to subscribe to Vietnam Magazine today. 1966. Right after Vann graduated from Syracuse University with a masters in business administration, CID recommended that court-martial proceedings go forward, on charges of statutory rape and adultery. Although he chose These men earned his respect and the respect of the nation. Years later, a few weeks before returning to Vietnam, Vann was staying with Hopkins. [2], Vann married Mary Jane Allen of Rochester, New York in October 1945, at the age of 21. . Because a civilian cannot convene courts-martial under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, Vann was assigned a military deputy, Brig. He further angered senior military leaders by his association and friendship with two young American reporters in Saigon, David Halberstam and Neil Sheehan. His approach made him an ally of US operatives such as Edward Lansdale and John Paul Vann, . SYNOPSIS: On January 17, 1966, U.S. State Department Foreign Service Officer Douglas K. Ramsey was driving a truck northwest of Saigon when he was captured by Viet Cong forces. John Vann attended public school in Roanoke, Va. No court-martial proceedings were held, and all charges were dropped. He attempted to draw public attention to the problems through press contacts such as New York Times reporter David Halberstam, directing much of his ire towards MACV commander General Paul D. Harkins. John Paul Vann's Mysterious Death He said to a Washington Post correspondent at that time, "Any time the wind is blowing from the north, where the B-52 strikes are turning the terrain into a moonscape, you can tell from the battlefield stench that strikes are effective." So he completely reversed his position, his professionalism was gone. [1] All I can say in my later days, I am deeply satisfied.. [5][3], Vann was voluntarily assigned to South Vietnam in 1962 as an adviser to Colonel Hunh Vn Cao, commander of the ARVN IV Corps. Neil has a certain anger about certain things, as everyone would, his editor, Robert Loomis, said. When Maj. Gen. Ngo Dzu became the commander of ARVN IV Corps in 1970, he already had a good relationship with Vann, extending back to 1967. Komer supported the appointment, but General William C. Westmoreland, now in command at MACV, was less than enthusiastic. He remained on the ground and tried to rally the demoralized ARVN soldiers. Vann decided to remain with the Army and transferred to the infantry branch. In the thick of the anti-guerrilla war against the Viet Cong, Vann became concerned with the way in which the war was being prosecuted, in particular the disastrous Battle of Ap Bac. On the morning of April 23, 1972, Tan Canh was attacked by a large NVA force that included T-54 tanks. Vann again returned to the battle, where he located and extracted three American advisers. 4 Civilian in Vietnam. In his report, Vann backed up with hard statistical analysis his assessment that the number of enemy troops actually killed was less than two-thirds the number claimed by MACV. Vann methodically learned the tactics of guerrilla warfare and methods of counterinsurgency that the Kennedy administration was then promoting so aggressively. You can imagine what that does to a young boy. The ambassador and the commanding general in South Vietnam were telling the Kennedy Administration that everything was going well and that the war was being won., Vann believed then and continued to believe that the war could be won if fought with sound tactics and strategy, Sheehan recalls. I detect, maybe I am wrong, a receptivity to looking at the war with a new perspective., Recently, for example, Sheehan said a Navy pilot approached him and told him, I always thought we could win if we just got one more bridge. As Mr. Sheehan notes, Vann turned himself into an amateur specialist on the polygraph, passed a lie-detector test, and beat the rap, but he went to Vietnam knowing his career was already lost. Only a few U.S. journalists were in Vietnam at the time. Few of the Pentagons senior officials wanted to read his report, however. I think the book is not propagandistic, although it is very outspoken., Sheehan believes that if you see anger in the book it is probably over the war. But it is not an anti-war anger, he insisted. Born in Holyoke, Mass., in 1936, Sheehan grew up in an era when Americans believed in their soldiers and their wars. He was an ardent critic of how the war was fought by the Saigon regime, which he viewed as corrupt and incompetent, and increasingly, on the part of the U.S. military. He wielded the power of a general, but would never hold the rank. He worked for a time in Tokyo, then was sent to Vietnam. In 1943, at the age of 18, Vann enlisted in the United States Army Air Force. To his surprise, Vann found one ally among the top brass in the Pentagon: Lt. Gen. Barksdale Hamlett, the Armys deputy chief of staff for operations. He certainly never took the feelings of his wife, Mary Jane, into consideration. For most Americans, Vietnam was a small, faraway country where a small-scale guerrilla war was in progress. He died believing that the war had been won. I am particularly interested in what became of his mistresses, Lee and Annie, and his daughter Thuy Vann. There was so much wasted gallantry in the war, so much needless pain inflicted on people., Asked about the Saigon side of the war, Sheehan, adamant that his book is meant as a witness to the war, not as a reporters memoir, contends that the South Vietnamese government was an extremely egocentric, corrupt group of people, and the society as a whole there was moribund and parasitic., Still, he said in a telephone call he made after he had thought still more about this question, nobody deserves the tragedy that befell the Vietnamese., For Sheehan, the book served as a personal odyssey in that I learned a great deal about the war I didnt understand before. Now, he said, I think I understand the Vietnamese in a way I didnt before. Writing the book was sort of like the war, said Sheehan, only I didnt get destroyed.. Ironically, the man who once said the most discriminating weapon in insurgency warfare was a knife or a rifle had now acquired the nickname of Mr. Maybe the war has been over long enough for us to begin to emotionally come to grips with it. Yet the combination of the abuse at home and the absenteeism of a military father caused rifts. There is a receptive audience for books on this painful subject now. John Paul Vann had a horrific upbringing, but during wartime, he had focused energy and was a great strategist and tactician, which is rare in an officer. It stars Bill Paxton, Amy Madigan, Vivian Wu, Donal Logue, Eric Bogosian and Kurtwood Smith. He died in a helicopter crash while flying at night in bad weather. Weyand presented Vanns case to Abrams in April 1971. It had become obvious to some of the Americans at MACV by late 1962 that the war on the ground was not going right. I set out to write a normal-length book in a few years time, but Vann turned out to be the most extraordinarily complicated man I ever met, Mr. Sheehan, 81, said from his Washington home. [3] They had five children.[4]. He devoured details and possessed astonishing powers of recall. Yet despite Vanns best efforts and a solid tactical plan that should have succeeded, the ARVN allowed the VC to escape. Hopkins caused both of us shame and dad took it out on me.. He led the unit on reconnaissance missions behind enemy lines for three months, before a serious illness in one of his children resulted in his transfer back to the United States. Many of those counted as enemy dead were in reality civilians caught in crossfire. Four presidential administrations and a societal shift in recognizing Vietnam veterans later, Vann, a former lieutenant colonel and the first civilian general to lead American troops in combat, was memorialized in Neil Sheehans masterpiece, A Bright Shining Lie., Thirty years on, Sheehans book hasnt lost any of its astonishing power. Like his fellow print correspondents, Sheehan soon came to rely on Lt. Col. Vann, a military adviser to the South Vietnamese who fast established himself as an accessible source. When my father wasnt serving overseas, ours was a household of violent abuse.. On this trip to Vietnam, a lot of my time was spent in search of the elusive character of John Paul Vann, the subject of Neil Sheehan's prize-winning history, A Bright Shining Lie.The book, some 800 pages, was published in 1988, and it tells the story of Vann's service in Vietnam, where as a lieutenant colonel in 1962 he began serving as an adviser to a Vietnamese division in the Mekong Delta. ", "We don't have twelve years' experience in Vietnam. As the attack continued through the following day, Tan Canhs defenses finally collapsed. Melvin Laird, the Secretary of Defense, was in attendance. Unlike many US soldiers, he was respectful toward the ARVN soldiers notwithstanding their low morale and was committed to training and strengthening their morale and commitment. The best weapon for killing would be a knife, but I'm afraid we can't do it that way. With only a handful of U.S. military advisers and troops on the scene, Americans believed the war seemed easily winnable. He died believing he had won his war.. Frustrated and seeing his career at a dead end, Vann retired from the Army in July 1963. If Kontum fell, Pleiku would go with it. It was extremely hard on his wife, Susan, and their daughters; the girls were barely in elementary school when he started, and out of the house by the time he finished, with no family vacations to speak of along the way. Sheehan first met Lt. Col. John Paul Vann, the man they had all come to bury, in Vietnam in 1962. See how this article appeared when it was originally published on NYTimes.com. I ended up writing a piece for The New York Times Magazine, When Will the Book Be Done? ). He fought back through the news media, leaking information sometimes through Mr. Sheehan, who eventually was hired by The New York Times, some of which directly contradicted what was coming out Washington. Weyand, who had served as an intelligence officer in the China-Burma-India Theater in World War II, valued unconventional thinkers. To Mr. Sheehan and other reporters in Vietnam, Vanns version of what was going on rang truer than the sunny propaganda emanating from the White House. (Their lone daughter had just given birth.) When the Korean War broke out in 1950, he deployed back to Korea with the 25th ID and was stationed near Pusan, where he oversaw the loading and unloading of the massive amount of supplies required for the military buildup. As the years went on, Mr. Sheehan increasingly regarded Vann as the personification of Americas long, painful war effort. [citation needed]. Right away Sheehan and his wife Susan, a Pulitzer Prize-winning author who is on staff at the New Yorker magazine, where a four-part excerpt of the book ran last summer, wanted to discount early and persistent rumors circulating among their peers that chronic writers block gripped Sheehan throughout the project. 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His funeral was attended by such notables as General William Westmoreland, Major General Edward Lansdale, Lieutenant Colonel Lucien Conein, Senator Edward Kennedy, and Daniel Ellsberg. It is over the waste. He enabled us to attack the official optimism with gradual but steadily increasing detail and thoroughness. He died in a helicopter crash in 1972 at 47 years old. He soon befriended Vann, a distinguished veteran of the Korean War serving as an adviser to the South Vietnamese Army. He encouraged his personnel to engage themselves in Vietnamese society as much as possible and he constantly briefed that the Vietnam War must be envisaged as a long war at a lower level of engagement rather than a short war at a big-unit, high level of engagement. Three days after the Battle of Kontum, Vann was killed when his helicopter crashed into a grove of trees near a village cemetery. ", This page was last edited on 25 February 2023, at 15:43. What nobody knew at the time, Mr. Sheehan included, was how much more there was to the story. It was also part of his character that he could not accept defeat. There again, Sheehan concludes, Vann was to some extent a mirror of the American culture. "A Bright Shining Lie" is a masterfully written history of America in Vietnam. [1] However, the war ended before he could see action. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/16/opinion/the-truth-behind-a-bright-shining-lie.html. What is clear is that both sons separate their father from the soldier. Vann also met with the military staff of Defense Secretary Robert McNamara and with presidential assistant Roswell Gilpatrick, as well as with CIA operative Maj. Gen. Edward Lansdale, who told Vann he should stick to things he knew firsthand and skip the gossip about what was going on in Saigon. Vann also believed he could count on support from Weyand, who was scheduled to return to Vietnam in the fall of 1970 as the deputy commanding general of MACV, which was now commanded by General Creighton Abrams. Books VI and VII give an account of Vann's return to Vietnam in 1965 and his doomed attempt to implement a winning strategy for the U.S. Army and how he eventually compromised with the military system he once criticized. This article was written by Peter Kross and originally published in the April 2007 issue of Vietnam Magazine. Vann submitted a 17-page rebuttal to the charges filed against him, but he also studied ways to beat a polygraph test, and he coached his wife on how to beat the machine when she testified on his behalf. Neil dug up a lot more and unfortunately, its all true, John Allen Vann said. He was this incredibly vigorous guy who would do things nobody else would do. Vann got by on four hours sleep a night and thought nothing of working two eight-hour shifts a day, then using the remaining time for what might politely be termed personal diversion. After the statutory rape charges were dropped, she asked if hed learned his lesson. The subsequent account is divided into seven "books" detailing Vann's career in Vietnam and America's involvement in the conflict. Vann was also strident in his criticisms of the Strategic Hamlet Program, which he thought was a waste of time and energy, and he was critical of the way MACV ran counterintelligence operations. The Vann family realities are murky. But Lansdale also tried, without success, to get Vann to brief the JCS. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. But they're good people and they can win a war if someone shows them how." George Washington had complained vociferously about the flood of questionable foreign volunteers. The system was a huge success; soon supplies that had once been tied up in red tape were flowing to the proper units. Fearless, Vann made a sport of driving through ambushes. The birds-eye view of the high-profile crowd gave him his opening line: It was a funeral to which they all came., I was watching all these important people coming in one after another, like a class reunion, Mr. Sheehan told me. Hes a compelling figure: tough, brash, energetic, hardheaded, and with enough charisma for a dozen Audie Murphy movies. Soon American troops were patrolling with the ARVN regulars, and American helicopters were providing covering fire on search-and-destroy missions in the South. Journalist Neil Sheehan watched the ceremony in the chapel at Arlington National Cemetery with a curious set of emotions. New York: Random House, 1988. But when his negative reports to his superiors aroused displeasure, Vann leaked his meticulously documented assessments to the (American journalists) in the country., Vann, Sheehan relates in his book, offered an alliance to the press, and we entered it eagerly. Other American advisers and Vietnamese on the Saigon side conveyed valuable information to the American reporters, but Vann, Sheehan said, gave the journalists an expertise we lacked, a certitude that brought a qualitative change in what we wrote. With the fall of Tan Canh, the NVA had a direct shot at Kontum, 25 miles away. Book V tracks back to give Vann's personal history before his involvement in the war, explaining how his career path to becoming a. Friends say he agonized over the topic, as if by writing about the war he would have to part with it. A BRIGHT SHINING LIE: JOHN PAUL VANN AND AMERICA IN VIETNAM by Neil Sheehan New York: Random House 861 pp. John Allen Vann, who went on to have a successful investment banking career, spent many years in therapy to break the cycle of violence. Vann had dodged a huge bullet. He was an ardent critic of how the war was fought by the Saigon regime, which he viewed as corrupt and incompetent, and increasingly, on the part of the U.S. military. Reasoning that the odds did not apply to him, Sheehan writes, Vann flew his own helicopter while assaults were in progress, defying the enemy gunners to kill him., Part of Vanns own bright shining lie, as Sheehan was to discover in researching his central character, was a troubled youth that produced a defiant adult who, Sheehan writes, followed his own star. Vann spoke little about his childhood, but Sheehan learned he was the illegitimate son of a man called Spry. Anyone can read what you share. Vann also incurred the wrath of his superiors by stating openly that the ARVN troops would not risk conducting search-and-destroy missions but instead assumed defensive positions whenever possible. Weyand managed to convince Abrams that U.S. officers would respond to Vanns unquestioned competence and natural leadership abilities, much as they had in III CTZ in 1967, when Vann first became the CORDS deputy there. General Hamlett agreed that the Joint Chiefs of Staff were not getting the full truth about combat in Vietnam. Porter then assigned Vann as the American adviser to Colonel Huynh Van Cao, commander of the ARVN 7th Division, who later became a corps commander and then a South Vietnamese senator. $24.95 ALL . Under newly passed legislation that reorganized the entire American defense establishment, the Army Air Forces were separated from the Army to form a new branch of the military, the U.S. Air Force. One such man was a decorated veteran of the Korean War, Lt. Col. John Paul Vann. John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam," which received the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for Nonfiction. These officers knew that such questioning of the way the war was going could lead to the end of their military careers, but decided to pursue the truth regardless. Sen. Edward M. Kennedy arrived late, but Joseph Alsop, the columnist who so firmly embodied the voice of Americas blue-blood Establishment, was precisely, politely on time. During this period, he earned an MBA from Syracuse University in 1959 and completed all course requirements for a PhD in public administration at the university's Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs. In this magisterial book, a monument of history and biography that was awarded the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Nonfiction, a renowned journalist tells the story of John Vann"the one irreplaceable American in But before it could reach Kontum, the NVA had to take a series of ridges and high ground to the north, to which the outpost at Tan Canh was the key. Here was this renegade lieutenant colonel. In his first tour of duty early in 1962 as military adviser to the South Vietnamese, John Paul Vann took exquisite pains to fortify the soldierly kidney and gloss the image of General Huynh Van Cao, commander of the Seventh ARVN Division, author of the autobiography He Grows Under Fire, and so prone to shrink under it that he once called off an The reconciliation and reflection that started with the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in 1982, and helped Platoon win the Academy Award for best picture in 1986, opened up the public conversation surrounding Americas first losing war. Dzu actually spent more time with Vann than he did with Maj. Gen. Hal McCown, who was Dzus official senior adviser in the IV CTZ. History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. John Allen led the family in refusing to stand at the end of the service for several dignitaries, including Secretary of State William Rogers. For that reason, his new job put him in charge of all United States personnel in his region, where he advised the ARVN (Army of the Republic of Vietnam) commander to the region and became the first American civilian to command U.S. regular troops in combat. He also interviewed many military officers who had been in Vietnam, and he finally produced a narrative that made the Pentagon take notice. Bio by: Linda Davis . There was a duality in the man, a duality of personal compulsions and deceits that would not bear light, he writes, and a professional honesty that was rigorous and incorruptible.. Accompanying ARVN helicopter missions throughout the northern Mekong Delta, Vann made contact with the local tribal chiefs and monitored the fighting progress of the ARVN troops. In the run-up to the Tet Offensive of 1968, Vann was one of the few Americans besides Weyand who saw and correctly interpreted the intelligence patterns that indicated a massive VC/NVA assault on the SaigonLong BinhBien Hoa area. The citation read in part, Soldier of peace and patriot of two nations, the name of John Paul Vann will be honored as long as free men remember the struggle to preserve the independence of South Vietnam., Saigon fell less than three years after Vanns victory at Kontum. At the time Vietnam was a nation divided. By the time he died in 1972, Vann had embraced the follies he once decried. Many of them we can look up; the generals, journalists, public figures, etc have a continued history that we can see elsewhere online, but for others there is nothing. 5 References. In April 1963, Vann left Vietnam, and it seemed to all the world that the Pentagon was punishing him for speaking out when he resigned from the Army that July. (speaking about the, "I will turn this into a burning Hell" speaking to MACV Team 36 advisor CPT RE McCall in February 1972 regarding the planned NVA offensive in Pleiku Province. For Sheehan, Vann was not only the quintessential American soldier in Vietnam but also the personification of the wars contradictions and complexities. Vann insisted that the girl was fabricating the story of an affair with him. With Dzu sent to command II Corps in the central highlands, Vann now had to alter his maneuvering so that he would replace Maj. Gen. Charles P. Brown as the II CTZ senior adviser. The day after Kontum was secured, Vann perished in the mountains. Sheehan was awarded the 1988 National Book Award for Nonfiction and the 1989 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for the book. 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