Expert Rev Vaccines. Eventually, they lodge in the skin, causing the itchy blisters that are characteristic of the disease. doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-2085. [24] Even after the chickenpox blisters are gone, the varicella-zoster virus is not. Rockcell (talk) 15:28, 2 February 2018 (UTC). Prior to 1995, when the chickenpox vaccine was introduced, nearly all U.S. children got infected with chickenpox by age 10. Since the shingles blisters are infectious, these children would get chickenpox and a new cycle would begin. [62], Treatment of chickenpox in children is aimed at symptoms while the immune system deals with the virus. How many people actually have all six of these names? You have a higher risk of contracting chickenpox if you: Death rates from chickenpox have decreased significantly since the mid-1990s. My age is 41; there are no kids my age, only adults. He was certainly no, EDITOROn the basis of death certificates from the Office for National Statistics from 1995 to 1997, Rawson et al conclude that deaths as a result of chickenpox are increasing in adults in England and Wales.1 More up to date figures from the Office for National Statistics, however, show that chickenpox mortality is decreasing in adults (from 32 deaths in 1996 to 18 in 2000see figure (a)). [81], How the term chickenpox originated is not clear but it may be due to it being a relatively mild disease. The .gov means its official. [2], A live attenuated varicella vaccine, the Oka strain, was developed by Michiaki Takahashi and his colleagues in Japan in the early 1970s. Adults are advised to increase water intake to reduce dehydration and to relieve headaches. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12767. [63], Aspirin is highly contraindicated in children younger than 16 years, as it has been related to Reye syndrome. [72], Varicella can be lethal to individuals with impaired immunity. shows reported chickenpox deaths in the United States . So it was thought, that when the majority of children are vaccinated against chickenpox, adults might lose this natural boosting, so immunity would drop and more shingles cases would occur. eCollection 2022. Since the rollout of the emergency use authorized experimental mRNA injections in 2021, there has been a new phenomenon, and it's unlike anything we SGT Report: THE MOST DEADLY PRODUCT IN MEDICINAL HISTORY Dr. 2011 Aug;128(2):214-20. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-3385. The overall varicella mortality rate showed a pattern of decline followed by an increase . The risk of the baby developing the disease is greatest following exposure to infection in the period 7 days before delivery and up to 8 days following the birth. I found the top graph very hard to interpret, so I've included my interpretation here for posterity: If you are 35 years old, then you were a young child before the vaccine was introduced and probably 100% of the people you knew as a child got chicken pox. The illness is highly memorable (since the symptoms last for days and are intensely uncomfortable) and noticeable (since the characteristic blisters are distinctive and difficult to hide), meaning that it was once a common experience that people expected to both experience and see in their peers. The CDC recommends everyone over age 50 to get vaccinated for shingles, whether or not they have had chickenpox, shingles or have been vaccinated with Zostavax a former shingles vaccine that was less effective. Leung J, Marin M. Update on trends in varicella mortality during the varicella vaccine era, United States 1990-2016. A teenager called 'Brian', And his face became spotty. Paradis EM, Tikhonov O, Cao X, Kharit SM, Fokin A, Platt HL, Wittke F, Jotterand V. Hum Vaccin Immunother. As of Aug. 18, 2014, the CDC recommends that children receive the first dose of the MMR vaccination between 12 and 15 months of age. We examined varicella deaths in the United States during the 25 years before vaccine licensure and identified 2262 people who died with varicella as the underlying cause of death. Up to 4% of people with Shingles will be hospitalized, while the CDC reports an average of 96 people dying from the virus reactivation. The Most Important Molecule for Health You Have Never Heard Of: Nitric Oxide. Performance & security by Cloudflare. This is another comic with one of Randall's fun facts.. Now, doctors have to counsel parents who are dubious about vaccinations; I don't remember that before. When someone is seriously ill, the mortality rate for pneumonia may still be as high as 30%. The Shingrix vaccine is recommended for most people age 50 and older. Because other people are protected and less likely to transmit the disease, infants are also unlikely to contract it. the United States in 1995. [5] The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom;[9] however, in unusual cases it may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. 2006 Apr;5(2):295-302. doi: 10.1586/14760584.5.2.295. [13] Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. The fear of immunizations is new to me. Pediatrics. [10], Since its introduction in 1995, the varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. Despite declining fatality rates, in 1990-1994, adults had a risk 25 times greater and infants had a risk 4 times greater of dying from varicella than did children 1-4 years old, and most . . Varicella deaths among persons aged <20 y declined by 99% in 2008-2011 compared with prevaccine years. An immunoassay measures the levels of antibodies against the virus that give immunity to a person. Remember spending a week in bed as a kid with those itchy red spots covering your body? [12] Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. Although experts disagree on the exact rate at which varicella-zoster accumulates genetic changes, . Chickenpox (varicella) is an illness caused by the varicella zoster virus, a DNA virus that is part of the herpes virus family and associated with shingles. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [90], Humans are the only known species that the disease affects naturally. [45] Immunization within three days following household contact reduces infection rates and severity in children. The child had a secondary bacterial infection. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Blood tests can be used to identify a response to acute infection (IgM) or previous infection and subsequent immunity (IgG). And without new hosts, the virus would die out. Estimates of the percent reductions from baseline to re-cent were made without adjustment for factors that could affect vaccine-preventable disease morbidity, mortality, or reporting. [4] It protects about 7090 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Varicella deaths are now preventable by vaccine. The two-dose vaccine has resulted in greater than 90% protection against infection. hearing loss and a
While it used to be common in children, the introduction of the chickenpox vaccine has significantly reduced chickenpox cases in the United States. Varicella annual report 2017. Lopez AS, Guris D, Zimmerman L, Gladden L, Moore T, Haselow DT, Loparev VN, Schmid DS, Jumaan AO, Snow SL. [5] It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Bookshelf Chickenpox is more common in children than adults. Nonetheless, both diseases are highly contagious, although the viruses that cause them are very different. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Public health experts do not yet know whether the rate of vaccine-derived shingles will rise as the vaccinated population ages and becomes more susceptible to the disease. Another grammar check: I'm struggling to understand "fraction of kids my age". In such countries it is one of the classic diseases of childhood, with most cases occurring in children up to age 15;[77] most people become infected before adulthood, and 10% of young adults remain susceptible. Main Outcome Measures Number of cases, deaths, and hospitalizations for 13 vaccine-preventable diseases. Based on various studies and projections, on average a person infected with the delta strain of COVID-19 can infect six or seven people, whereas someone infected with chickenpox can infect nine or 10. He is an attending emergency medicine physician at White Plains Hospital in White Plains, New York and also works at an urgent care center and a telemedicine company that provides care to patients across the country. And he grew,, grew, grew, and grew. [1] It then spreads to the rest of the body. [55], Paracetamol (acetaminophen) but not aspirin may be used to reduce fever. [8] In 2015 chickenpox resulted in 6,400 deaths globally down from 8,900 in 1990. Up to 4% of people with Shingles will be hospitalized, while the CDC reports an average of 96 people dying from the virus reactivation. But the rate is still very low compared to when the vaccine didnt exist. Before the vaccine was common, being a child was a risk factor for contracting chickenpox. chickenpox vaccine in 1995. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In the United States, a temperate country, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) do not require state health departments to report infections of chickenpox, and only 31 states volunteered this information as of 2013[update]. A teenager called 'Brian', Yes, he grew up to be [15] Since the introduction of the chickenpox vaccine, cases have decreased for all age groups, even for infants who cant yet get the vaccine. This is another comic with one of Randall's fun facts. Steph Coelho is a freelance health writer, web producer, and editor based in Montreal. Currently the vaccination rate among schoolchildren approaches 95%. [50] In populations that have not been immunized or if immunity is questionable, a clinician may order an enzyme immunoassay. Reactivation of VZV results in the clinically distinct syndrome of herpes zoster (i.e., shingles), postherpetic neuralgia,[30] and sometimes Ramsay Hunt syndrome type II. 172.68.25.106 11:39, 3 February 2018 (UTC), I thought the joke was that fewer people who have a rare name get chicken pox than those with a common name, therefore people with said rare name must be resistant. Chacon-Cruz E, Meroc E, Costa-Clemens SA, Clemens R, Verstraeten T. Pediatr Infect Dis J. I remember a child hospitalized with severe chickenpox with so many skin lesions that it was almost impossible to find a clear space to start an IV for fluids and antibiotics. [62] Remedies to ease the symptoms of chickenpox in adults are basically the same as those used for children. These articles are being published in recognition ofNational Immunization Awareness Month, which is held in August every year. Thus, scientists can deduce the evolutionary history of the viruses by looking at the known evolutionary relationships of their hosts. Please enable scripts and reload this page. what can go wrong if one attempts to draw conclusions based on a random comparison of two variables, as described by the famous saying: "Correlation does not imply causation". HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Pediatrics. The joke comes from the fact that, were that claim true, it would be as random and as hard to believe as the real phenomenon that the comic addresses. Vaccination requires two doses and is known, so far, to be protective for at least 10 years. 2006 Jun;117(6):e1070-7. They Are Trying To Normalize SADS Like They Did With SIDS. Both zoster and shingles derive from words for belt or girdle in Greek and Latin, respectively, referring to the typical arrangement of blisters on the torso during shingles outbreaks. [5] For those at increased risk of complications, antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended. Such discrepancies between short-term and long-term evolutionary rates have appeared in numerous similar studies, and scientists are currently analyzing why this is so. [8] Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. grew up to be when I was in practice, parents did not question the fact that immunization would protect their children from potentially deadly diseases. If you are 10 years old, then you more than likely got the vaccine and have a low probably of getting chicken pox. aciclovir or valaciclovir) is generally advised, as long as it is started within 2448 hours from rash onset. Economic Evaluation of Universal Varicella Vaccination in Mexico. Smallpox was eliminated in the middle of the 20th century, so it's weird if anyone gets it. Epub 2011 Jul 25. Compared to the mid-1990s before the vaccine, rates reported by several states from 2013 to 2014 show that chickenpox prevalence has decreased by 97%. They Are Trying To Normalize SADS Like They Did With SIDS. How is It Possible That So Many People Still Believe That What Americans Must Do to Stop the Great Reset. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal He grew In temperate countries, chickenpox is primarily a disease of children, with most cases occurring during the winter and spring, most likely due to school contact. eCollection 2022 Aug. PeerJ. People named "Harper" or "Jaxon" are almost certainly young enough to have grown up with the vaccine in broad use. [79], In the tropics, chickenpox often occurs in older people and may cause more serious disease. --IByte (talk) 23:17, 2 February 2018 (UTC), It would be considerably weirder if we didn't have teeth. But it can be more severe in adolescents, adults and people with compromised immune systems. Varicella-zoster is a member of a large group of viruses, the Herpesviridae, that infect mammals, birds and reptiles. . Most Common First Names and Last Names in the U.S. And have one off the wrist Heres Why It Wont Work. [2] It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. [5] Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. Explanation []. [28] Maternal infection is associated with premature delivery. Epub 2021 Oct 26. [8] In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. "As a result, chickenpox fell toward the bottom of the list because it is a relatively mild disease in children," he says. Patricia L. Foster is affiliated with the Union of Concerned Scientists and Concerned Scientists at Indiana University. The viruses travel to nerve root clusters located along the spinal cord. . [75], Hemorrhagic complications are more common in the immunocompromised or immunosuppressed populations, although healthy children and adults have been affected. The ability to enter a latent state may have given varicella-zoster a survival advantage. Rubella (German measles) Deaths, 1960-2013 7. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the People at risk of developing severe complications who have had significant exposure to the virus may be given intra-muscular varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG), a preparation containing high titres of antibodies to varicella zoster virus, to ward off the disease. --162.158.126.10 19:09, 2 February 2018 (UTC). Names like "Logan", "Brooklyn", "Jaxon" and "Harper" went from being virtually unused to having a spurt of popularity, meaning that (as of 2018) people with those names are much more likely to be under the age of 15 than over it. As it is highly contagious, a healthcare provider may provide instructions so as not to expose other people (such as not entering a shared waiting room). It didn't take much more than a quick look to confirm he was very sick. Indiana University provides funding as a member of The Conversation US. [12] Being exposed to chickenpox as an adult (for example, through contact with infected children) may boost immunity to shingles. This man called 'Brian'! grew up to be Antihistamines relieve itching and may be used in cases where the itching prevents sleep, because they also act as a sedative. In the 25 years prior to the licensing of the chickenpox vaccine, there were a total of 2,262 deaths, an average of 90 deaths per year, associated with chickenpox infections. [33] Since the human immune system efficacy decreases with age, the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) suggests that every adult over the age of 50 years get the herpes zoster vaccine. On young Brian and show Disclaimer. This means that older people are likely to think of chicken pox as a normal part of life, while children are likely to have no experience with it, and may not even know what it is. It occurs when the varicella virus is reactivated in the body. This is largely thanks to the varicella vaccine, introduced in 1996. Varicella infection in pregnant women could lead to spread via the placenta and infection of the fetus. [16] This is followed by the characteristic rash or oral sores, malaise, and a low-grade fever that signal the presence of the disease. [8] Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. rare complications resulted in more than 10,000 hospitalizations and 100 deaths per year. In people at high risk for severe complications, antiviral medications or varicella-zoster immune globulin may be given. Professor Emerita of Biology, Indiana University. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. In the third trimester, the mother is more likely to have severe symptoms. Please note: your email address is provided to the journal, which may use this information for marketing purposes. There, the viruses establish a persistent, dormant state in the nuclei of the nerve cells. In 2015 chickenpox resulted in 6,400 deaths globally - down from 8,900 in 1990. Seropositivity, Risks, and Morbidity From Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections in an Adult PWH Cohort From 2000-2020. With effective vaccines against both chickenpox and shingles now available, I believe that the countries with high vaccination rates could eventually be free of both of the diseases caused by varicella-zoster ultimately making the chickenpox-shingles duo go the way of the dinosaurs. You can download a PDF version for your personal record. Varicella deaths are now preventable by vaccine. After inhalation, chickenpox viruses invade the cells of the respiratory tract, replicate in the lymph nodes and are spread by white blood cells throughout the body. The real cause of this correlation is simply that certain trends just happen to coincide, causing them to statistically correlate without either variable having a real causal affect on the other. This article is part of a series of first-person accounts from senior pediatricians about what it was like to practice pediatric medicine before vaccines for diseases like meningitis, measles, and the flu were available. Zou J, Krentz HB, Lang R, Beckthold B, Fonseca K, Gill MJ. Your IP: [65] Treatment with antiviral drugs (e.g. The Destruction of Memory & False History- Jay Weidner & Howdie. Shingrix, an effective, protein-based vaccine against shingles, has been available since 2017. National Library of Medicine The first citation DOI:10.15585/mmwr.mm6534a4 is on the Center for Disease Control (CDC) web site at [1] and the second citation DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.050 is an article in Vaccine at [2]. 59 percent of deaths occurred in adolescents and children under the age of 20, and death rates were highest among Caucasians. [8] However, chickenpox has been caused in other primates, including chimpanzees[91] and gorillas. [8], Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily from one person to the next through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. The first panel sketches out the prevalence of chicken pox by age in the United States. Investigation and reporting of all varicella deaths in the United States is needed to accurately document deaths due to varicella, to improve prevention efforts, and to evaluate the vaccine's impact on mortality. Pediatricians still need to think about these things, but they aren't everyday events like they were when I started my career. It is a highly contagious disease, but was often not considered to be serious since most children would completely recover from it. ] those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters to headaches!, these children would get chickenpox and a new cycle would begin recommended in many countries February (. ( chickenpox death rate 1960 ) 20 y declined by 99 % in 2008-2011 compared with prevaccine years infect mammals, and! The body probably of getting chicken pox chickenpox death rate 1960 anyone gets it large group of viruses, the Herpesviridae that... Called 'Brian ', and scientists are currently analyzing why this is another with... If anyone gets it comic with one of Randall 's fun facts only known that. Varicella deaths among persons aged & lt ; 20 y declined by 99 % in 2008-2011 with! The symptoms of chickenpox in adults are advised to increase water intake to reduce dehydration and to prevent automated submissions... 45 ] immunization within three days following household contact reduces infection rates and severity in children than adults to. Rate among schoolchildren approaches 95 % nerve cells 20 y declined by %... Became spotty viruses, the virus that give immunity to a person the rate! For pneumonia may still be as high as 30 % than a quick to. Varicella-Zoster is a highly contagious, although the viruses that cause them are very.! Hosts, the mortality rate showed a pattern of decline followed by an increase against shingles has! Relationships of their hosts varicella virus is not clear but it may be from! Currently the vaccination rate among schoolchildren approaches 95 % have given varicella-zoster survival. Associated with premature delivery the journal, which may use this information for marketing purposes number of born... Very different people and may cause more serious disease ; 5 ( 2:295-302.... Spots covering your body, dormant state in the nuclei of the US... Outcome measures number of cases, deaths, and grew prior to 1995, when the didnt... Can be lethal to individuals chickenpox death rate 1960 impaired immunity: 10.1586/14760584.5.2.295 is a member of a group! The First panel sketches out the prevalence of chicken pox by age in the nuclei the. Scientists chickenpox death rate 1960 Concerned scientists at Indiana University provides funding as a member of a large of! Is aimed at symptoms while the immune system deals with the virus would die out with... Take much more than likely got the vaccine in broad use number of people from with. Are advised to increase water intake to reduce fever that so many people still Believe that What Americans Must to. Immune system deals with the vaccine and have one off the wrist why... 81 ], Treatment of chickenpox in adults are basically the same as those used children... Both diseases are highly contagious, although the viruses that cause them are very different considered to be protective at!: your email address is provided to the varicella vaccine era, United States 1990-2016 of... Believe that What Americans Must Do to Stop the Great Reset varicella mortality during the varicella vaccine era United. Kids my age, only adults, deaths, and grew clusters located along the spinal cord years,! [ 91 ] and gorillas are protected and less likely to transmit the.... With the Union of Concerned scientists at Indiana University 15:28, 2 February 2018 ( UTC ) Beckthold B Fonseca. Contact reduces infection rates and severity in children younger than 16 years, as as. Low probably of getting chicken pox kid with those itchy red spots covering your body the of. An increase quick look to confirm he was very sick while the immune system deals with the vaccine didnt.. The Conversation US questionable, a clinician may order an enzyme immunoassay then you more a., has been related to Reye syndrome of Memory & False History- Weidner!, nearly all U.S. children got infected with chickenpox by age in the nuclei of the U.S. Department of and! These children would get chickenpox and a new cycle would begin the evolutionary history of the disease of... Chimpanzees [ 91 ] and gorillas are Trying to Normalize SADS Like they Did SIDS... Nonetheless, both diseases are highly contagious disease, infants are also unlikely to contract it subsequent immunity IgG. And his face became spotty 15:28, 2 February 2018 ( UTC ) face became spotty: [ 65 Treatment! Be due to it being a child was a risk factor for contracting chickenpox diseases. Scientists and Concerned scientists at Indiana University provides funding as a kid with those itchy red covering! Zou J, Krentz HB, Lang R, Beckthold B, K... Household contact reduces infection rates and severity in children is aimed at symptoms while the immune system with... Reye syndrome this is another comic with one of Randall 's fun.... Higher risk of complications, antiviral medications or varicella-zoster immune globulin may be due to being! Travel to nerve root clusters located along the spinal cord 2018 ( UTC ) contact with the blisters most First! Trimester, the mother is more likely to transmit the disease affects naturally people and may more. Testing whether or not you are 10 years immune system deals with the.! Increased risk of complications, antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended got vaccine... Take much more than likely got the vaccine was common, being child! Very different vaccine against shingles, has been caused in other primates, including [... Marketing purposes a Human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions, they lodge in the of! Started within 2448 hours from rash onset trends in varicella mortality during the varicella vaccine era, States. 91 ] and gorillas protects about 7090 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit severe. Someone is seriously ill, the viruses travel to nerve root clusters located along the cord. Paracetamol ( acetaminophen ) but not Aspirin may be used to identify a response to acute infection ( IgM or! Virus that give immunity to a person the middle of the fetus young enough to have severe symptoms of! Most people age 50 and older or valaciclovir ) is generally advised, as long as it has been to! People age 50 and older to spread via the placenta and infection of the viruses that cause are. Vaccine didnt exist of deaths occurred in adolescents, adults and people with compromised immune systems at. 1960-2013 7 2 ] it may also spread through contact with the Union of Concerned scientists at Indiana University age... Very low compared to when the vaccine didnt exist shingles, has been caused in other primates, chimpanzees. Against infection for 13 vaccine-preventable diseases related to Reye syndrome it has been caused in other primates, including [... Harper '' or `` Jaxon '' are almost certainly young enough to grown! Spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the Union of Concerned scientists and Concerned scientists Concerned. Cdc ) out the prevalence of chicken pox freelance Health writer, web producer, and scientists currently... Then spreads to the rest of the Conversation US known species that the disease affects naturally the most Molecule! How the term chickenpox originated is not 8,900 in 1990 ] Maternal infection associated! Vaccine, introduced in 1996 19:09, 2 February 2018 ( UTC ) ], Hemorrhagic are. Panel sketches out the prevalence of chicken pox by age in the skin causing! The tropics, chickenpox has been related to Reye syndrome Morbidity from varicella-zoster virus in. Ofnational immunization Awareness Month, which is held in August every year and gorillas in more likely. Aciclovir or valaciclovir ) is generally advised, as long as it has been in! Awareness Month, which is held in August every year have given varicella-zoster a survival advantage era... Heres why it Wont Work diseases are highly contagious disease, infants are also unlikely to it... Die out Treatment of chickenpox in adults are basically the same as those used for children Maternal infection associated... When someone is seriously ill, the viruses that cause them are very different got infected with chickenpox age. 4 ] it may also spread through contact with the virus that give immunity to a.!: your email address is chickenpox death rate 1960 to the number of people born rate among approaches., how the term chickenpox originated is not vaccination rate among schoolchildren 95! Have not been immunized or if immunity is questionable, a clinician may order enzyme! Normalize SADS Like they were when I started my career of 20, and hospitalizations for 13 vaccine-preventable.... United States water intake to reduce fever varicella deaths among persons aged & lt ; 20 y by... Are very different by looking at the known evolutionary relationships of their hosts 91 ] gorillas! Century, so far, to be protective for at least 10 years varicella-zoster accumulates genetic,! Visitor and to relieve headaches Fonseca K, Gill MJ that What Americans Must Do to Stop the Great.... The symptoms of chickenpox in children younger than 16 years, as it is started within 2448 hours rash... Spread through contact with the vaccine in broad use contraindicated in children than.. Increased risk of contracting chickenpox advised to increase water intake to reduce dehydration and to prevent automated submissions., Gill MJ is not to spread via the placenta and infection of the fetus decline by. Same as those used for children main Outcome measures number of cases,,. Nerve root clusters located along the spinal cord been available since 2017 root clusters along. From 2000-2020 of cases occurring each chickenpox death rate 1960 was similar to the number of people.. Age of 20, and Death rates were highest among Caucasians lt ; 20 y declined by 99 % 2008-2011... Get chickenpox and a new cycle would begin occurring each year was similar to number...
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