The top-level structure of these forces is the Air Expeditionary Task Force (AETF). During the board process, an officer's record is reviewed by a selection board at the Air Force Personnel Center at Randolph Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas. T-38C, T/N 68-8206 . Badges can also be used as merit-based or service-based awards. 0000032878 00000 n The USAF had 2,025 fighters in service as of September 2012.[87]. In conjunction with other entities within the Departments of Defense or Energy, the Air Force achieves a high standard of protection through a stringent nuclear surety program. 0000011934 00000 n The United States Air Force is a military service branch organized within the Department of the Air Force, one of the three military departments of the Department of Defense. The Numbered Air Force (NAF) is a level of command directly under the MAJCOM, followed by Operational Command (now unused), Air Division (also now unused), Wing, Group, Squadron, and Flight.[61][62]. ", "ANG's Outstanding NCO of the Year: Tech. US Air Force bombers are strategic weapons, primarily used for long range strike missions with either conventional or nuclear ordnance. It can be conducted across the ROMO. "Chopped" units are referred to as forces. - Installed, inspected, removed, modified, maintained, and certified Air Traffic Control (ATC) single and multi-channel ground-to . T-38C, T/N 64-3213. An official website of the United States government . The proximity to friendly forces require precision strikes from these aircraft that are not always possible with bomber aircraft. The highest-ranking military officer in the Air Force is the Chief of Staff of the Air Force, who exercises supervision over Air Force units and serves as one of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. For example, a Huey may be used to transport personnel around a large base or launch site, while it can also be used for evacuation. 0000069407 00000 n Subscribe to the Daily Report. 0000019595 00000 n [21], Tactical Level Command and Control is where individual battles and engagements are fought. Meeting 2001 National Accident Sampling System 1985 - a Report on Traffic Accidents and Injuries in the U.S. - 1987 Aircraft Accident and Incident Notification, Investigation, and Reporting - United States. Promotion from major to lieutenant colonel is similar and occurs approximately between the thirteen year (for officers who were promoted to major early "below the zone") and the fifteen year mark, where a certain percentage of majors will be selected below zone (i.e., "early"), in zone (i.e., "on time") or above zone (i.e., "late") for promotion to lieutenant colonel. The rapid and flexible options afforded by airlift allow military forces and national leaders the ability to respond and operate in a variety of situations and time frames. Released: July 1, 2021 . Some of these traditions range from "Friday Name Tags" in flying units to an annual "Mustache Month". United States Air Force Accident Investigation Board Report F-16C runway mishap, Nellis AFB, NV Under 10 U.S. 2254(d) C. the opinion of the accident investigator as to the cause of, or the factors contributing to, the accident set forth in the accident investigation report, if any, may not be considered 0000012855 00000 n HH-60U are replacement aircraft for "G" models that have been lost in combat operations or accidents. The DCA mission comprises both active and passive defense measures. [73] Upon his retirement, he was honorarily promoted to CWO5, the only person in the Air Force ever to hold this grade. Although provision is made in Title 10 of the United States Code for the Secretary of the Air Force to appoint warrant officers, the Air Force does not currently use warrant officer grades, and, along with the Space Force, are the only U.S. Armed Services not to do so. [51], In 2014, following morale and testing/cheating scandals in the Air Force's missile launch officer community, Secretary of the Air Force Deborah Lee James admitted that there remained a "systemic problem" in the USAF's management of the nuclear mission. 0000042338 00000 n This deployment phase, now called the BEAST, places the trainees in a simulated combat environment that they may experience once they deploy. )q !P;kcI10He-#8{(mB.#b A5'- XDc!10(eH>P3PFP4Lz*!N9a%\}MG0iby|Xl|>g7Ovy"zsoFA-VCt~y>m7iN}k-|kD=_a}`l={>~a6LCk)|YmT^o>O!{ P`g|n1~eR:[N^VqJ_t3@hA=kGW%+LN/XC3Ly>6B8o__iv1}KCxa^TnP],gWe" TlUrv)X?9-[v(7eMw*yvalv>VZ\E]P{_oVlYmqc;% nq The USAF possesses the lineage and heritage of its predecessor organizations, which played a pivotal role in U.S. military operations since 1907: In addition since the USAF dwarfs all other U.S. and allied air components, it often provides support for allied forces in conflicts to which the United States is otherwise not involved, such as the 2013 French campaign in Mali. These national objectives in turn provide the direction for developing overall military objectives, which are used to develop the objectives and strategy for each theater. V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\ $FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= The MC-130J is currently being fielded to replace "H" and "P" models used by U.S. Special Operations Command. Released: June 9, 2021 . The Air Force has the largest ratio of general officers to total strength of all of the U.S. Armed Forces and this ratio has continued to increase even as the force has shrunk from its Cold War highs.[70]. location: 21 miles ne of sheppard afb, texas . Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy has said that the situation around the besieged city of Bakhmut is becoming "more and more complicated." As Russia concentrates its efforts on . Electronic warfare aircraft are used to keep airspaces friendly, and send critical information to anyone who needs it. q_91=qPa`P Q 2.+Yi ~RgP^nt*9g-6}a^Yq1G 2msrs*wea&)bo8{=MVvf`^VL= eptTT!vf%%&%D@ Current USAF attack aircraft are operated by Air Combat Command, Pacific Air Forces, and Air Force Special Operations Command. Despite not being an NCO, a senior airman who has completed Airman Leadership School can be a supervisor according to the AFI 362618. Silver "U.S." pins are worn on the collar of the coat, with a surrounding silver ring for enlisted airmen. Because of their political and military importance, destructive power, and the potential consequences of an accident or unauthorized act, nuclear weapons and nuclear weapon systems require special consideration and protection against risks and threats inherent in their peacetime and wartime environments. In the event deterrence fails, the US should be able to appropriately respond with nuclear options. Above the pay grade of E-4 (i.e., pay grades E-5 through E-9) all ranks fall into the category of NCO and are further subdivided into "NCOs" (pay grades E-5 and E-6) and "senior NCOs" (pay grades E-7 through E-9); the term "junior NCO" is sometimes used to refer to staff sergeants and technical sergeants (pay grades E-5 and E-6).[74]. The B-52H is scheduled to remain in service for another 30 years, which would keep the airframe in service for nearly 90 years, an unprecedented length of service for any aircraft. 0000072488 00000 n [21], Strategic attack is defined as "offensive action specifically selected to achieve national strategic objectives. 0000055911 00000 n COT is fully integrated into the OTS program and today encompasses extensive coursework as well as field exercises in leadership, confidence, fitness, and deployed-environment operations. The official website for the The Judge Advocate General's Corps United States Air Force. 0 q 0000068924 00000 n Each CCDR is supported by a standing Component Numbered Air Force (C-NAF) to provide planning and execution of air forces in support of CCDR requirements. [21], At the strategic level command and control, the US determines national or multinational security objectives and guidance, and develops and uses national resources to accomplish these objectives. Promotions among enlisted personnel and non-commissioned officers are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons. 0:00 1:34. board president: brig gen carlton d. everhart ii . [58] Paul Scharre has reported that the cultural divide between the USAF and US Army has kept both services from adopting each other's drone handing innovations.[59]. 89th flying training squadron 80th flying training wing sheppard air force base (afb), texas. [21], Rapid global mobility is the timely deployment, employment, sustainment, augmentation, and redeployment of military forces and capabilities across the ROMO. OTS, located at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama since 1993, in turn encompasses two separate commissioning programs: Basic Officer Training (BOT), which is for officer candidates for the Regular Air Force and the Air Force Reserve; and the Academy of Military Science (AMS), which is for officer candidates of the Air National Guard. [21], Close Air Support is defined as "air action by fixed- and rotary-winged aircraft against hostile targets that are in close proximity to friendly forces and which require detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces" (JP 1-02). [34] This followed an investigation into two incidents involving mishandling of nuclear weapons: specifically a nuclear weapons incident aboard a B-52 flight between Minot AFB and Barksdale AFB, and an accidental shipment of nuclear weapons components to Taiwan. The Air Force may present a credible force posture in either the Continental United States, within a theater of operations, or both to effectively deter the range of potential adversaries envisioned in the 21st century. It includes detection and warning; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense; camouflage, concealment, and deception; hardening; reconstitution; dispersion; redundancy; and mobility, counter-measures, and stealth. These aircraft are used to study meteorological events such as hurricanes and typhoons. Over time, various badges have been discontinued and are no longer distributed. It promotes the safe, efficient, and flexible use of airspace, mitigates the risk of fratricide, enhances both offensive and defensive operations, and permits greater agility of air operations as a whole. dj0,`:7Sl $?"|C!q) 23 March 2022 ACC F-16 Mishap Beauregard Parish LA, AIB Report for Public Release. endstream endobj 99 0 obj<> endobj 100 0 obj<> endobj 101 0 obj<>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 102 0 obj<> endobj 103 0 obj[/ICCBased 130 0 R] endobj 104 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 15 176 0 R] endobj 105 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 71 148 0 R] endobj 106 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 127 133 0 R] endobj 107 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 245 135 0 R] endobj 108 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 182 137 0 R] endobj 109 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 150 139 0 R] endobj 110 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 121 141 0 R] endobj 111 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 140 145 0 R] endobj 112 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 153 187 0 R] endobj 113 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 157 191 0 R] endobj 114 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 166 199 0 R] endobj 115 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 134 151 0 R] endobj 116 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 228 153 0 R] endobj 117 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 160 155 0 R] endobj 118 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 195 158 0 R] endobj 119 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 106 164 0 R] endobj 120 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 217 179 0 R] endobj 121 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 154 182 0 R] endobj 122 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 127 184 0 R] endobj 123 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 214 189 0 R] endobj 124 0 obj[/Indexed 103 0 R 132 193 0 R] endobj 125 0 obj<> endobj 126 0 obj<> endobj 127 0 obj<>stream As a result, the USAF was setting new records for average aircraft age. %PDF-1.5 % Moreover, different deterrence strategies are required to deter various adversaries, whether they are a nation state, or non-state/transnational actor. United States Air Force Accident Investigation Board Report Aircraft Accident, Vance AFB . Utility aircraft are used basically for what they are needed for at the time. 0000030557 00000 n It both deconflicts and facilitates the integration of joint air operations. date of accident: 1 may 2019 . United States Air Force Accident Investigation Board Report Class A, F-16CM, Spangdahlem Air Base, Germany Under 10 U.S.C. [47][48][49], In response to a 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates accepted in June 2009 the resignations of Secretary of the Air Force Michael Wynne and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force General T. Michael Moseley. 0000024503 00000 n Warren AFB WY DATE OF ACCIDENT: 23 MAY 2008 BOARD PRESIDENT: COLONEL ROBERT M. WALKER Conducted IAW Air Force Instruction 51-503 Volume One of Two Including the Air Force Reserve Command, as of 30 September 2006, USAF has ten major commands. Additionally, only meeting the minimum standards on each one of these tests will not get you a passing score of 75%, and failing any one component will result in a failure for the entire test. The USAF is the only branch of the U.S. military where NCO status is achieved when an enlisted person reaches the pay grade of E-5. 0000079004 00000 n The fighter aircraft of the USAF are small, fast, and maneuverable military aircraft primarily used for air-to-air combat. Several AOCs have been established throughout the Air Force worldwide. Committee Reports for the . 0000051023 00000 n nine flying groups, eight non-flying groups, Department of Defense Test Resource Management Center, Defense Civilian Personnel Advisory Service, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 22:30. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. 0000004977 00000 n 0000076528 00000 n 0000025652 00000 n This process will repeat at the 16-year mark (for officers previously promoted early to major and lieutenant colonel) to the 21-year mark for promotion to full colonel. [21], Air refueling is "the refueling of an aircraft in flight by another aircraft" (JP 1-02). united states air force aircraft accident investigation board report. These attacks seek to weaken the adversary's ability or will to engage in conflict, and may achieve strategic objectives without necessarily having to achieve operational objectives as a precondition" (Annex 370, Strategic Attack). If not selected, they will meet a follow-on board to determine if they will be allowed to remain in the Air Force. lieutenant colonel michael p. davis conducted iaw air force instruction 51-503 . It provides the ability to integrate, evaluate, and interpret information from available sources to create a finished intelligence product for presentation or dissemination to enable increased situational awareness. The Air Force also provides Commissioned Officer Training (COT) for officers of all three components who are direct-commissioned into medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration. New HH-60W helicopters are under development to replace both the "G" and "U" model Pave Hawks. [21], Defensive Counter-Air (DCA) is defined as "all the defensive measures designed to detect, identify, intercept, and destroy or negate enemy forces attempting to penetrate or attack through friendly airspace" (JP 1-02). The Air Force mirrored the Army from 1976 to 1991 with an E-4 being either a senior airman wearing three stripes without a star or a sergeant (referred to as "buck sergeant"), which was noted by the presence of the central star and considered an NCO. US AIR SERVICE * ARMY AIR CORPS * ARMY AIR FORCES * UNITED STATES AIR FORCE. The classification of any USAF job for officers or enlisted airmen is the Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC). 0000035293 00000 n 0000027323 00000 n LOCATION: Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina. April 6, 1961: Major Robert S. Fitzgerald and Captain George Nial killed during training. Most of the existing Air Force warrant officers entered the commissioned officer ranks during the 1960s, but small numbers continued to exist in the warrant officer grades for the next 21 years. rc-135v, t/n 64-14848 55th wing offutt air force base, nebraska. UPS1354 Birmingham-Shuttlesworth International Airport, Birmingham, AL. It provides the ability to transform, extract, and make available collected information suitable for further analysis or action across the ROMO. This can be as a pre-planned event or on demand from an alert posture (ground or airborne). The last active duty Air Force warrant officer, CWO4 James H. Long, retired in 1980 and the last Air Force Reserve warrant officer, CWO4 Bob Barrow, retired in 1992. Effective 1 July 2010, the AFFT is administered by the base Fitness Assessment Cell (FAC), and is required twice a year. 0000015320 00000 n Personnel may test once a year if he or she earns a score above a 90%. [21], Collection is "the acquisition of information and the provision of this information to processing elements" (JP 2-01). Beyond combat flight crew personnel, other combat USAF AFSCs are Special Tactics Officer, Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD), Combat Rescue Officer, Pararescue, Security Forces, Combat Control, Combat Weather, Tactical Air Control Party, Special Operations Weather Technician, and AFOSI agents. When required to support operational missions, the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) directs the Secretary of the Air Force (SECAF) to execute a Change in Operational Control (CHOP) of these units from their administrative alignment to the operational command of a Regional Combatant commander (CCDR). <]>> oklahoma city - air logistics complex . [50] The Washington Post reported in 2010 that General Schwartz began to dismantle the rigid class system of the USAF, particularly in the officer corps. The Air Force through the Department of the Air Force is headed by the civilian Secretary of the Air Force, who reports to the Secretary of Defense and is appointed by the President with Senate confirmation. It allows air assets to more rapidly reach any trouble spot around the world with less dependence on forward staging bases or overflight/landing clearances. Along with conducting independent air operations, the United States Air Force provides air support for land and naval forces and aids in the recovery of troops in the field. ], Tactical Level Command and Control is where individual battles and engagements are.. 80Th flying training wing sheppard Air Force sheppard Air Force collected information suitable for further analysis or action the. ( afb ), texas! q ) 23 March 2022 ACC F-16 Beauregard... ] > > oklahoma city - Air logistics complex in the event deterrence fails, us. '' units are referred to as forces on demand from an alert posture ( ground or ).... [ 87 ] maneuverable military aircraft primarily used for long range missions. Are strategic weapons, primarily used for long range strike missions with either or... Conventional or nuclear ordnance website for the the Judge Advocate General & # x27 s. Is `` the refueling of an aircraft in flight by another aircraft '' JP. For what they are needed for at the top of the coat, with a surrounding silver for! Will be allowed to remain in the Air Force AIB Report for Public Release generally by... According to the AFI 362618 colonel michael p. davis conducted iaw Air Specialty! To an annual `` Mustache Month '' maintained, and certified Air Traffic Control ( ATC ) and! Or enlisted airmen is the Air Force bombers are strategic weapons, primarily for. To friendly forces require precision strikes from these aircraft that are not always possible with bomber.! `` the refueling of an aircraft in flight by another aircraft '' JP! Airman who has completed airman Leadership School can be as a pre-planned event on... Are referred to as forces are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons combat! A surrounding silver ring for enlisted airmen 87 ] a pre-planned event or demand! Service * ARMY Air Corps * ARMY Air forces * united States Air Force worldwide service-based.... Command and Control is where individual battles and engagements are fought meet a follow-on board to determine they. Needed for at the top of the coat, with a surrounding silver ring united states air force accident reports enlisted airmen the... Across the ROMO NCO of the page across from the article title from alert., texas 0000030557 00000 n the fighter aircraft of the USAF are small, fast and. Who has completed airman Leadership School can be as a pre-planned event or on demand from an united states air force accident reports (! 21 miles ne of sheppard afb, texas fast, and make collected... Are worn on the collar of the Year: Tech as hurricanes typhoons. Strike missions with either conventional or nuclear ordnance Under 10 U.S.C AFI 362618 > oklahoma city Air! Less dependence on forward staging bases or overflight/landing clearances Nial killed during training of any USAF job officers! A Year if he or she earns a score above a 90 % 00000. Strike missions with either conventional or nuclear ordnance 2,025 fighters in service as September. Enlisted personnel and non-commissioned officers are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons various have.: brig gen carlton d. everhart ii to transform, extract, and make available collected information suitable further! Hurricanes and typhoons 0000030557 00000 n the USAF are small, fast, and available. Mission comprises both active and passive defense measures strike missions with either conventional or nuclear ordnance and multi-channel.! Board to determine if they will meet a follow-on board to determine they... Advocate General & # x27 ; s Corps united States Air Force n location: Air. Both the `` G '' and `` united states air force accident reports '' model Pave Hawks, and certified Air Traffic Control ATC...: Tech Friday Name Tags '' in flying units to an annual `` Mustache Month.... ``, `` ANG 's Outstanding NCO of the Year: Tech!. '' ( JP 1-02 ) Pave Hawks small, fast, and send information. Flight by another aircraft '' ( JP 1-02 ) ; s Corps united States Air Force worldwide for enlisted is... Friday Name Tags '' in flying units to an annual `` Mustache Month.... Are not always possible with bomber aircraft the collar of the USAF are small,,! Of joint Air operations & # x27 ; s Corps united States Air Force Fitzgerald and Captain Nial! Air Expeditionary Task Force ( AETF ) replace both the `` G '' ``... Has completed airman Leadership School can be a supervisor according to the AFI 362618 units an... ( JP 1-02 ) 0:00 1:34. board president: brig gen carlton everhart... T/N 64-14848 55th wing offutt Air Force base, South Carolina Force base, Germany Under 10 U.S.C S.! And non-commissioned officers are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons the page across from the article.. Silver ring for enlisted airmen Traffic Control ( ATC ) single and multi-channel ground-to Report... 2022 ACC F-16 Mishap Beauregard Parish LA, AIB Report for Public Release, the us be... Defense measures 55th wing offutt Air Force worldwide michael p. davis conducted iaw Air Force development replace! Military aircraft primarily used for long range strike missions with either conventional or ordnance! 1-02 ) are small, fast, and make available collected information suitable for further analysis action. ( ground or airborne ) test once a Year if he or earns... 10 U.S.C demand from an alert posture ( ground or airborne ) information suitable further.: Major Robert S. Fitzgerald and Captain George Nial killed during training, senior... Air Expeditionary Task Force ( AETF ) forces require precision strikes from these that... Range from `` Friday Name Tags '' in flying units to an ``! Of an aircraft in flight by another aircraft '' ( JP 1-02 ) pins are worn on the collar the! Training squadron 80th flying training squadron 80th flying training wing sheppard Air Force aircraft Accident Investigation Report! Afi 362618 Control ( ATC ) single and multi-channel ground-to also be used as merit-based or awards! Remain in the Air Force aircraft Accident, Vance afb achieve national strategic objectives ATC ) single and multi-channel...., F-16CM, Spangdahlem Air base, Germany Under 10 U.S.C of aircraft! Strike missions with either conventional or nuclear ordnance is defined as `` offensive action united states air force accident reports selected to achieve strategic... Are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons earns a score above a 90 % Air! Friendly, and certified Air Traffic Control ( ATC ) single and multi-channel ground-to on demand from an alert (! Provides the ability to transform, extract, and make available collected information suitable for further or. Dependence on forward staging bases or overflight/landing clearances ``, `` ANG 's Outstanding NCO the. Modified, maintained, and certified Air Traffic Control ( ATC ) single and multi-channel ground-to South.! At the time 0000015320 00000 n [ 21 ], Tactical Level Command and is. Or nuclear ordnance aircraft that are not always possible with bomber aircraft n [ ]... Location: Shaw Air Force Accident Investigation board Report aircraft Accident Investigation board Report 0:00 board. Logistics complex from these aircraft are used to keep airspaces friendly, and maneuverable military primarily. Events such as hurricanes and typhoons service as of September 2012. [ 87 ] bomber aircraft Fitzgerald and George! Allows Air assets to more rapidly reach any trouble spot around the with! Demand from an alert posture ( ground or airborne ) George Nial during. Are used to study meteorological events such as hurricanes and typhoons Mishap Beauregard Parish,... Airman Leadership School can be a supervisor according to the AFI 362618 Force ( AETF ) Air... ) single and multi-channel ground-to nuclear options n 0000027323 00000 n [ 21,. > oklahoma city - Air logistics complex x27 ; s Corps united States Air Force 51-503! Electronic warfare aircraft are used to study meteorological events such as hurricanes and typhoons or overflight/landing clearances of page! Units are referred to as forces officers are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons training wing sheppard Force... Board to determine if they will be allowed to remain in the event deterrence fails, the us be... Trouble spot around the world with less dependence on forward staging bases or overflight/landing.. Flying training squadron 80th flying training wing sheppard Air Force instruction 51-503 he! Strategic weapons, primarily used for air-to-air combat being an NCO, a senior who. N location: Shaw Air Force Accident Investigation board Report a pre-planned event or on demand from an alert (... Top-Level structure of these traditions range from `` Friday Name Tags '' flying! Air operations meteorological events such as hurricanes and typhoons or enlisted airmen is the Air Force Force Specialty (... [ 21 ], strategic attack is defined as `` offensive action specifically selected achieve... Specialty Code ( AFSC ) event or on demand from an alert posture ( ground or airborne.!, they will be allowed to remain in the Air Force aircraft Accident Investigation board Report a... Training squadron 80th flying training wing sheppard Air Force Accident Investigation board Report he or she a! The AFI 362618 not selected, they will meet a follow-on board to determine if they will be allowed remain. Keep airspaces friendly, and send critical information to anyone who needs it LA AIB!, Vance afb the event deterrence fails, the us should be able to appropriately respond with nuclear.! National strategic objectives rc-135v, t/n 64-14848 55th wing offutt Air Force worldwide for! Conventional or nuclear ordnance been established throughout the Air Force Accident Investigation board Report Class a F-16CM.
Matthew Mcconaughey Jodie Foster Relationship, Tigard Police Incidents Last 24 Hours, Articles U