Another way to overcome cultural barriers is to ensure there is an inclusion of people of different cultural backgrounds in the workplace. (in Cortis 2004) and Wilson-Covington (2001 in (Cowan and Norman 2006) argue that the nursing profession and values are predominantly determined by western systems and knowledge. Background: Nurses are challenged in today's healthcare environment to provide culturally competent care to a diverse patient population. To conclude the communication gap highlighted presents challenges for nurses, NHS Trusts as well as the DoH. AJN, American Journal of Nursing: August 2002 - Volume 102 - Issue 8 - p 14. One of the foundational elements to being a successful healthcare provider is instilling trust in the patient. A common stereotypical view held by nurses along with other healthcare professionals, about BME elderly groups, is the myth that they ‘look after their own’ (Toofany, 2007). Here’s an example. Nonetheless, nurse education should be viewed as an enabler of transcultural competency concepts within current and future nursing practice. Since the above mentioned communication problems are well known, the DoH has introduced policies to address them in order to ensure that it meets its legislative obligations. Medical surgical nursing involves providing care to adults of all ages. In som… Nurse education in the UK must reflect the diversity that make up its population. “Culture” can be defined as the language, behavior, customs, values and beliefs that a particular culture, race or country holds. Healing happens more rapidly in an atmosphere of trust. A basic knowledge about each group utilizing the hospital is foundational to managing cultural diversity and enacting treatment protocols that satisfy the needs of each patient. (2001) also reported poor use of interpreting services by patients and staff, despite patients’ not being able to speak or read English. Therefore, the question is whether it’s realistic to expect nurses who are trained within this system to provide culturally competent care. CULTURAL BARRIERS. The prevalence of ethnocentrism forms a fundamental problem when providing care to BME groups (Diver et al, 2003) as it implies that one holds deeply entrenched beliefs that his/her own group is superior and this is reflected in their behaviour by treating others as inferior. If you need assistance with writing your nursing essay, our professional nursing essay writing service is here to help! Examples of Cultural Barriers to Communication. When treatments and medical opinions are explained with cultural preferences in mind, a patient tends to be open to whatever is in their best interest and optimal health. Narayanasamy and White (2005) highlight that nursing education in the UK exposes students to adapt to and internalize one particular culture and its values and beliefs, that of the majority. The healthcare industry has made some efforts to adjust to the needs and demands of culturally diverse patients, but more significant changes are … No plagiarism, guaranteed! Cultural differences can cause misunderstandings between patients and doctors. Equally, Tod et al. Barriers of effective communication can sometimes be simple or complicated. A long term solutions could be specific cultural competence modules for pre registration students in particular for areas where nurses are likely to interact with BME patients. A physician who ... Continue Reading », Energy medicine features various forms of modern alternative medicine, such as acupuncture, chiropractic care, acupressure, massage therapy, and other touch-based therapies. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) could also be used as an appropriate learning tool as cultural competence is continuous and evolving process. Chevannes (2002) found in her study that little attention was given to the healthcare needs of BME groups in nurse education programmes and she concluded that nurses need to develop knowledge and skills in caring for these communities. Doing so can lead to confusion, miscommunication, and, worse, mistrust, only further aggravating the cultural barrier. In these examples, the nurse is displaying something known as cultural competence, where expansive healthcare knowledge and skills merge with respectful awareness of cultural backgrounds. A qualitative study by Gerrish (2004) examined the utilisation of interpreting services through 13 focus groups consisting of healthcare professionals, interpreting services and patients, concluded that interpreting services were inadequate and healthcare professionals relied heavily on family members to act as interpreters. Aims and objectives: To discover and describe challenges and barriers perceived by nurses in providing culturally competent care in their day-to-day encounters with diverse patient populations. Nurses need to provide culturally sensitive care to patients from a variety of cultural backgrounds. This is in keeping with other studies by Narayanasamy (2003), Diver et al. The Islamic culture has specific norms and preferences practiced by its members. Is nursing not a philosophy, a collection and sharing of values, beliefs, principles and dare I say its own language that guides all those who choose to identify with it? “There is a growing body of research to connect racism to poor health outcomes,” says Dr. Neil Maniar, professor of practice and director of the Master of Public Health programat Northeastern University. North Bellmore, NY. Cultural competence involves having sensitivity to the values and beliefs of each cultural group encountered in the course of one’s job. When you look at young African-American men in the criminal justice system, for example, there are significant disparities that exist across many aspects of community health. Cultural awareness and sensitivity is vital to nursing. This included tendency to treat all BME patients similarly, victim blaming approach and lack of cultural competence. A male health care provider would take this into consideration when treating a … distance learning and day courses. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on the UKDiss.com website then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! Failure to do so may result in patient neglect and denial of patient rights (Thom, 2008). Inferences from the participants’ comments lead one to argue a degree of ethnocentrism as participants felt that nurses put more effort in developing relationship with patients from the majority group. A qualitative study by Chevannes (2002) focusing on the views of 22 healthcare professionals for the purpose of improving care for BME groups found that participants’ biggest obstacle that effected their care giving was the inability to communicate with patients who spoke no/little English. This culture is truly patriarchal, and most major decisions tend to be made by the males of the family. Some of the examples of stereotypes held by nurses include that Asian patients have lower pain thresholds, playing the ‘sick role’ and have large visitor numbers … Some Chinese patients may take it upon themselves to adjust medication levels as they perceive to be correct for their own yin and yang balance, overlooking the fact that a full dosage is needed for it to be effective. There are some cultural differences with your employees that you just have to accept and not try to change if you want your employees to perform well. To break cultural barriers and open the lines of communication, some healthcare organizations have been working to attract individuals from a more diverse range of ethnicities and economical backgrounds. All work is written to order. (2008) however point out that, even though nursing training bodies encourage equality and diversity appreciation in educational curricula, currently there is no formal cultural diversity training. It must be recognised the nursing education sector has made some progress in addressing cultural awareness and promotion of respect and tolerance for BME communities (Narayanasamy and White, 2004; Serrant-Green, 2001; Price and Cortis, 2000). Cortis and Kendrick (2003) argue that nurses have innate racism that prevents them acknowledging and fulfilling patient’s cultural needs. Nursing Essay Cultural competence is crucial in the nursing field, but many … Researchers have, over the years, highlighted that nurses are not adequately prepared to work within multicultural context (Gerrish et al, 1996; Refs). In cross-cultural encounters, the need to demonstrate effective communication assumes a greater significance because there could be scope for misunderstanding and conflicts that can lead to miscommunication (DoH, 2001; RCN, 2007 and Thom, 2008). BME elderly patients expect health care professionals to understand their problems and in turn to receive an appropriate explanation regarding their condition and the proposed course of treatment (Patel, 2001). There has been patients with an Egyptian background believe that dignity, identity, and security are conferred by belonging to a family and dealing with illness within a family context (Butow, Tattersall and Goldstein, 1997), Navajo culture provides another example of diverse cultural attitudes toward illness. Instead of using a one-size-fits-all approach, health care providers can work with their patients to create effective solutions that satisfy everyone involved. Discuss barriers by an organizational culture that can be encountered by nursing leaders that can make them feel powerless. Diversity training can potentially foster inclusive work culture, encourage teamwork and leadership, create new opportunities, and thereby create a positive work culture. For example, a woman should not be touched by a man who isn’t a member of her immediate family. Therefore, the NMC (2008) requires nurses to take the necessary actions to meet the language and communication needs of BME patients in order to ensure the delivered information is understandable. In nursing, it is very important that the nurse should understand what the patient tries to convey to them and vice versa. Free; I agree that minority nurses are grossly underrepresented in nursing (“Recruiting Minority Nurses,” Viewpoint, May). We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this essay are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of NursingAnswers.net. Because a number of elements can influence health communication—including behaviors, language, customs, beliefs, and perspectives—cultural respect is also critical for achieving accuracy in medical research. It may be one of the finer points of being a nurse, but ultimately it is no less important than doing rounds or assisting in surgery. (2003) and Cortis (2004) and it implies that the provision of holistic care and the development of therapeutic relationship is severely impaired as the nurse would be unable to interact with patients (Gerrish, 2001; Robinson and Gilmartin, 2002; Cortis and Kendrick, 2003). However, short-courses in cultural competence are available for registered nurses with different delivery methodologies e.g. Ethnocentric approach to nursing care may also be a contributory factor to racism in so far as practice fails to recognize and acknowledge significant cultural differences and their importance for the BME patients concerned (Price & Cortis, 2000). Here are some cultural misunderstanding examples you can learn from. This will ensure learning is reflective of the needs of the wider society. Using untrained interpreters can cause errors of understanding that can confuse the patient about their condition (Gerrish, 2001, Gerrish et al, 2004 and Thom, 2008) and can jeopardise patient confidentiality or may impede open communication (Caldwell et al, 2008). To overcome cultural barriers within the workplace, here are some helpful hints: Determine whether a specific behaviour or attribute is a requirement of the job. This would enhance nurses’ skills for assessing patients’ needs enabling them with better knowledge and understanding of the culture and background of patients under their care. “There are many ways that race and ethnicity are connected to health. Szczepura (2005) points out nurses may hold stereotypical views based on lack cultural awareness that can create barriers and generate resentment. Beishon et al. If a baseline level of trust is there, then the patient will feel comfortable sharing his or her concerns going forward. While we like to believe in the ideal that all Australians have access to a high standard of healthcare, this is not always the case. Our nursing and healthcare experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have, from simple essay plans, through to full nursing dissertations. This essay should not be treated as an authoritative source of information when forming medical opinions as information may be inaccurate or out-of-date. Patients are often faced with scenarios that require weighing risks and the benefits of health decisions. When residents feel uncomfortable with their surroundings because of language barriers or differences in social norms, they can feel threatened by different and strange-seeming mannerisms. For example, West Indian cultures often speak in loud voices. It is impossible to … Narayanasamy (2005) view is that this approach will lead to better understanding and treatment towards all patients, which can eliminate the inherent problems that are highlighted in the dissertation. Get information about bachelor’s degree programs for those interested in becoming cardiologists and their education requirements, coursework, job and wage outlook, and continuing education choices. Being respectful of a patient’s cultural preferences can go a long way in building trust between nurse and patient. allowing a family member to speak for and dictate all medical care and decisions for an aging parent), or disrespectful/suspicious to a Caucasian (e.g. Since there are a number of medicines such as insulin that contain pork-based ingredients, there could be problems — even legal issues — if a health care practitioner prescribes and/or administers such medicines to people of these cultures. Free resources to assist you with your nursing studies! BARRIERS TO CARE Practitioner Barriers. A health care provider should watch for signs that a Chinese patient is making such adjustments to their medications and tactfully advise against doing so while explaining the necessity of the full dosage for optimal benefit. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher in nursing or healthcare? The compounded effect of these findings is failure to deliver a care that is individualised and culturally appropriate. Navajos feel that order and harmony are disrupted by receiving negative information (Baile, Lenzi, Parker et al., 2002) receiving an unfavorable diagnosis and prognosis is seen as curse (Mitchell, 1998). In addition, they must decide when to seek care and the appropriate level of care. As the nursing profession requires the delivery of individualised care that is based on holistic approach and ‘culture’ cannot be separated from the individual, transcultural competence plays an important role in nursing education, practice, research and administration (Rosenjack Burchum, 2002). The DoH (2006) advocates that nurses need to provide a fair service by ensuring all patients are kept fully informed of clinical processes and decisions regarding their care. However, the reviewed literature overwhelmingly suggests underlying ethnocentric values does not only exist in the healthcare system but also present in nursing practice. Cultural respect benefits consumers, stakeholders, and communities and supports positive health outcomes. so the differences in their values and beliefs are also an example of cultural barriers. A nursing administrator, manager or executive who turns a blind eye to the existence of lateral violence in the workplace sends a signal that their silence equals complicity with such aberrant behaviour, thus, a culture of fear and mistrust results. not allowing a child to eat heated foods when they have certain illnesses), could be the acceptable practice of your patient’s culture. However, it must be recognised that attitudes and behaviours normally take generations to reshape and realistically the end goal of fairness and equity to all patients may take long time. Language may also be a factor that leads to poor communication in nursing. It encompasses the things that differentiate people from culture to culture, and there can be both similarities and vast differences. Culture is often defined as a learned set of values, beliefs, norms, and patterns of behavior. Examples of cultural influences on patient health beliefs and behaviors can be found in patients' perceptions of locus of control, preferences, communication norms, and prioritization of needs, as well as in their understanding of physical and mental illness and … Strengthening the cultural competency of healthcare professionals and the healthcare system as a whole can be part of an effective solution for diminishing racial/ethnic disparities in healthcare. The belief that the nursing profession is ethnocentric can lead to ethnic stereotyping and prejudices against all BME specially the elderly in healthcare (Shaw and Wilson, 2005). Owing to cultural differences between people, ... For example, people from rich families may find a communication gap in interacting with people from the middle or lower middle class. They found that at all points of the patient pathway, interpreter services were underused, thus increasing the risk of the patients receiving incorrect information or not receiving information at all. avoiding direct eye contact), or curious to a nutritionist (e.g. Few schools, if any, offer ... Continue Reading », This article talks about the Master of Science (M.S.) Asian caregivers are often reserved and might not appear to be as personally supportive. When a nurse or health care practitioner takes the time to become familiar with the cultural norms of each group they encounter, the ability to do their job in a culturally sensitive way will come more and more naturally to them. VAT Registration No: 842417633. Practices that might be considered unethical to an autonomous American (e.g. Cultural Sensitivity Promotes Harmony and Healing. Study for free with our range of nursing lectures! Chinese culture has its own set of norms as well. Information for Aspiring Cardiologists The patients generally identify their aspirations for positive interaction with staff is severely impaired by language barrier as well as negative non-verbal communication (Cortis, 2000; Clegg, 2002; Robinson and Gilmartin, 2002). Culturally sensitive care given by nurses has to be supported by a knowledge base to inform practice (Cortis and Kendrick, 2003). This suggests the importance for nurses to include the cultural needs of each patient in the care process. Cultural Diversity plays a very important role and will continue to play an even greater role as we move into a more diversified world. Cultural diversity is an asset that is necessary for poverty reduction and the achievement of sustainable development. Why culture makes a difference in care. The dilemma with this belief and approach is that it may not be congruent with the expectations of BME communities in today’s multicultural society. In this section of the NCLEX-RN examination, you will be expected to demonstrate your knowledge and skills of cultural awareness and influences on health in order to: Related: 7 Important Elements Of An Inspiring Nursing Career 8 Healthcare providers who are equipped with better cultural competencies and awareness can reduce healthcare disparities. Bachelor’s Degree Programs in Hospital Management Overall there is a common agreement in the literature that educators have a key role in endorsing and promoting transcultural cultural care education. Resolving these differences can have instant and long term benefits. Moreover, such practice is not consistent with the provision of holistic nursing care (Husband, 2000) and the guidelines of the NMC (2008). The challenge for educators and policy makers is to therefore ensure that pre and post registration education prepares nurses to practice in a context that is conducive to cultural understanding and sensitivity. They view caring to be an important aspect closely linked to their cultural, spiritual, social and above all their human needs (REFS). These barriers can lead to serious miscommunications between parties with differing cultural backgrounds. Ultimately, cultural competence facilitates a more efficient and effective healing process. Some of the examples of stereotypes held by nurses include that Asian patients have lower pain thresholds, playing the ‘sick role’ and have large visitor numbers (Sawley, 2000; Cortis, 2004; Khattab et al, 2005). The nurse educator must address these … Patients from diverse cultural backgrounds (including First-Nation Peoples) experience almost twice as many adverse effects as English-speaking patients (Multicultural Health Communication 2013). Szczepura (2005) points out nurses may hold stereotypical views based on lack cultural awareness that can create barriers and generate resentment. In traditional Chinese medicine, a balance of “yin” and “yang” is crucial to good health. The student nurse population is increasingly culturally diverse as a result of growing access to nursing courses and increasing numbers of students from overseas. To deliver or receive effective and fair learning strategies, nurse educators and students need to address their intercultural competencies. Programs in energy medicine include training in traditional Chinese ... Continue Reading », If you are a physical therapist, you can easily become a cardiac rehabilitation specialist by completing an examination in cardiovascular and pulmonary care studies. degree program in Pharmaceuticals Management and its education requirements, coursework, career options, job and wage outlook, and certification and continuing education ... Continue Reading », Most Common Cultural Issues Found in Hospitals. Consequently, there is a tendency for nurses to have ethnocentric beliefs about superiority of this system and little awareness of cultural differences (Serrant-Green, 2001). Realizing how culture can influence a person’s perceptions of health and medicine can really make a difference in understanding a person’s medical needs and how to communicate with them. For example, a woman should not be touched by a man who isn’t a member of her immediate family. However, Serrant-Green (2001) strongly argues that transcultural nursing literature is predominantly ethnocentric as it assumes that the nurse is a member of the majority ethnic community and the patient is a member of the BME communities. While a nurse may not agree with the cultural norms of a given culture, it is still important to consider and respect them within the context of the health care situation. In addition, many nursing degree programmes and in-service training courses are known to provide information and knowledge in a compressed fashion (Robinson and Gilmartin, 2002), which may not be exercised in practice due to internal and external working pressures imposed on nurses. Five major themes emerged: time constraints, financial constraints, workplace culture, access/relevance, and competency in accessing electronic evidence-based practice literature. A recent Nurse-Family Partnership discussion outlined in Nurse.com sought to identify barriers to creating a more ethnically diverse workforce, as well as figuring out ways to create a more ethnically diverse workforce.. Several nursing leaders participated in the discussion, including Beverly Malone, a nurse who is the CEO of the National League for Nursing. Cortis (2000) and Patel (2001) point out such barriers can have a negative impact on patients and can lead to isolation, anxiety and fear while in hospital wards. This is important as it allows the nurse to understand the patient’s views, thoughts and expectation of the care delivery, which would enable the nurse to meet their needs. Reference this. A male health care provider would take this into consideration when treating a female Islamic patient. These abiliti… Thus, an ethnocentric nurse will be unable to interpret BME patient’s needs correctly as he/she will judge it according to the norms of his/her own behaviour. The literature available on concludes that education for care of the BME patient is often limited to aspects relating to dietary, religion, birth and death (Narayanasamy, 2003; add refs). Equally, the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000 requires NHS organisations to provide equality in healthcare and promote inclusion while respecting diversity (Thom, 2008). A later study by Vydelingum (2006), based on the experiences of 43 nurses regarding care provided to South Asian patients, also found evidence of ethnocentric practices. Communication difficulty between the patient and healthcare professionals can cause misdiagnosis and ineffective treatment plans (Vydelingum, 2000; Age Concern, 2001; RCN, 2006 and Divi et al, 2007). It is therefore argued nurses should be taught generic transcultural skills and universal principals to adapt to each situation (Narayanasamy,200x; Cortis, 200x; Gammon & Gunarathne , 2007). Nevertheless, the findings of a study by Cortis and Kendrick (2003), which explored the expectations and experiences of 38 Pakistani patients, showed the participants felt that nurses did not facilitate a positive environment to develop a therapeutic relationship, which inhibited interaction at a social level and as a result nurses were not perceived as caring. Registered Data Controller No: Z1821391. 11th Feb 2020 The consequences of this approach is that nurses will view transcultural care as a ritual rather than a best practice that implements individualised care and takes into account the patients wider cultural, psychosocial and religious needs. Patients need decision making and critical thinking skills to make correct health decisions. It can also have serious implications for service providers and policy makers as it can lead to the development of inappropriate services (Anderson 2001). Such learning could be facilitated through pre or post registration courses, modules or workshops that specifically focus on cultural issues (Narayanasamy, 2003; Sargent et al, 2005; Richardson et al, 2006; Jackson, 2007; Marki and Tilki, 2007). Cortis (2000) points out that nurses normally considered communication problems to be more of the patients’ problem rather than a joint deficit. Another key area is deciding on end-of-life preferences. Excerpt from Essay : Nursing Culture: Overcoming Barriers to Change Introduction and Theoretical Framework This program of study continues personal research and professional practice in the field of nursing within the area of public and private health systems. Hence, Trusts are required to provide interpreting and translation services; access to link workers/advocates or bilingual/bicultural staff (Szczepura, 2005). Even though the literature captures the needs or experiences of BME’s within today’s multicultural Britain it fails to reflect the reality of today’s nursing practice as xx% of nurses are themselves from BME groups and the impact this can have in nurse-patient interaction. Members of a cult… In today’s diverse society, cultural competence is foundational to being an effective and successful nurse. Within a few decades, minority groups will become the majority. Every country has numerous religions practised by its people. *You can also browse our support articles here >. When a health care provider encounters each distinct cultural group, they must be ready to treat each person appropriately for their cultural preferences. Another example could be related to cultures such as Jewish, Hindu or Islamic that does not eat pork. We live in an era of constant change and transformation, which in return paves the way for cultural transparency. One of the main factors identified is communication difficulties (Singh and Sheik, 2006). The study by Hamilton and Essat (2008) found that patients felt that nurses make assumptions based on stereotypes and usually demonstrate negative attitude towards them. An example of the important role that organizational culture plays may be found in the recent United Kingdom (UK) health crisis. Author Information . Therefore, the nurse must appraise his/her own language capabilities as well as those of the BME elderly patients whilst being aware of the vulnerability they face. 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